Table 1

The four known types of OCA

Gene
Gene product
Chr. localization
Size
Disease name
Prevalence

TYR
Tyrosinase (TYR)
11q14.3
65 kb (529aa)
OCA1
1:40,000




     OCA1A





     OCA1B (Yellow alb.)

OCA2
(p gene)
OCA2
15q11.2-q12
345 kb (838aa)
OCA2 (Brown OCA in Africans)
1:36,000 (white Europeans) 1:3,900–10.000 (Africans)
TYRP1
Tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1)
9p23
17 kb (536aa)
OCA3 (Rufous OCA)
Rare (white Europeans, Asians) 1:8,500 (Africans)
MATP
Membrane-associated transporter protein (MATP)
5p13.3
40 kb (530aa)
OCA4
Rare (white Europeans) 1:85,000 (Japanese)

Grønskov et al. Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases 2007 2:43   doi:10.1186/1750-1172-2-43