Table 1

Etiologies of neonatal diabetes

Transient neonatal diabetes mellitus
Permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus

• Chromosome 6 anomalies detected
• Heterozygous activating mutation in KCNJ11 gene and in ABCC8 gene (Kir6.2 and SUR1 subunits of the pancreatic KATP channel)
     - paternal duplications

     - paternal isodisomy

     - Methylation defect

ABCC8 (SUR1) and rarely KCNJ11 (Kir6.2) mutations
• IPEX syndrome: diffuse autoimmunity
• Mitochondrial disease
• Severe pancreatic hypoplasia associated with IPF1 (PDX1) mutation
• Homozygous glucokinase mutation: insensitivity to glucose
• Associated with epiphyseal dysplasia: Wolcott Rallison syndrome
• Possibly associated with enterovirus infection
• Association with cerebellar hypoplasia and PTF1A mutation
• Association with hypothyroidism, glaucoma and GLIS3 mutation

Polak and Cavé Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases 2007 2:12   doi:10.1186/1750-1172-2-12